So, how is it in detail? The Caliphate is not secular system. It is based on Islam. The contemporary interpretation of Quran served as source of law. Jurisdiction was deducted to a particular place and time from the contemporary interpretation. This was the jurisprudence (fiqh) what represented the basement of the Caliphate. Islam unlike the European comprehension is not religion. It contains about 40% doctrines and 60 % order of divine legitimacy (Sharia). Please, pay attention of the words! I didn’t say law but I said order of divine legitimacy! Law is secular terminology however the order of divine legitimacy is not secular. Even so Sharia changes in every age and place because “progress of law” has to take place however it is deducted from the interpretation of Quran in the given time and site. The contemporary Quranic interpretations and Sharia deducted from them was achieved by the institutes of Caliphates. It is matter of dispute that Ottoman Empire to which extent can be considered as Caliphate regarding formal aspects as Turks were pragmatic and they secularized some elements of its operation. Therefore, they called their state Sultanate where Sultan practiced unlimited secular power. So, the abolishment of Caliphate in 1924 was only a formal process. The real abolishment of classical Caliphate has taken place in 1492 in Iberia and 1258 in Baghdad. 

The British knew well why they cannot allow the revival of Caliphate. The Caliphate is home for every Muslim regardless of their sects. A Muslim doesn’t need visa for entering the Caliphate as it is his own land. If the ruler is King instead of Caliph the terminology of nation-states comes into force. A Kingdom forms its actual politics with other nation-states according to its own national interest and this can result very divided relations between nations and their citizens. That way the mass of states can be manipulated easily. Therefore, British were in a hurry to create thrones and kings from their puppies.

Frankly speaking it is impossible today to achieve the revival of Caliphate system. The financial conditions are missing. Currencies are unsecured without being backed by any value. It means that dollar is backed by speculation, manipulation. Practically the US policy defines the rates. Euro is the same. There is no any definition for how many grams of gold or silver is equal with one dollar. When dollar was created by the founding fathers there was a rate but today doesn’t exist. Caliphate can operate only with backed and secured money. Dinar and dirham were always converted to gold. As a result, the financial transactions were secured. Interest was forbidden and it was not chargeable. The actual bank systems are based on unsecured currencies without being backed by real value. During transactions currencies often don’t appear what is not a problem however the insecurity is the problem. 

However, there is an unavoidable issue. After 1924 the Muslim world has become confused. Its legitim system has been abolished. Imagine if one day USA, France, Germany, Britain and their institutes of democracy abolish from one day to another. Their citizens run away to live in stabile states like China! No matter they stay in China the democracy and its institutional order still remains in their mind. It has become their genetical program! 

Muslims go thru this stage. Plenty of them migrated to Europe where they enjoy human rights and freedom of religion. However, practicing religion in Islam means practicing order of divine legitimacy! Situation is even worse because there is no Caliphate what can work out contemporary interpretation of Quran as a basic in order to deduct Sharia from it. If this work would be available the legal comprehension of Muslims would not be deviated so much from the secular jurisprudence. Instead of that uneducated preachers declare fatwas based on Sharia which was valid in the time when their homeland was a superpower in the Medieval. It is an anachronistic jurisdiction what goes back to the years of 1200 and 1400. It is not possible to take out particular verses from Quran and interpret them independently from the others. Anyway, this is the actual situation. Or the whole system of interpretation has to be harmonized to the 21th century or it should have been left in the Medieval as a whole and wait for conflicts. At the moment mosques what create parallel societies don’t adjust interpretations to modern life however they adjust life to the old ages as they have authentic texts for that. This situation cannot be maintained.

So, no matter there is Caliphate under this name or doesn’t exist its work has to be achieved. A sort of jurisprudence (Fiqh) has to be worked out to form Islamic understanding on law in order to evaluate sin and virtue similarly. Please don’t misunderstand! I am not speaking about implementation of Sharia law! I speak about the adjustment of legal thinking of Muslims to the European comprehension. Until we don’t have this work done, we always face conflicts. If you detain someone from us, he will become hero in our communities and vice versa. 

We have to change ourselves as well. We cannot go on with the traditional Sunnah. I said Sunnah what is the tradition of Mohammed (peace be upon him). I didn’t say Quran! Sunnah is simply outdated. Law or fatwa can be deducted from Sunnah after studying the analogies however it cannot be applied word by word in our age as it was implemented 1400 years ago in Arabia. Eg. the chapter of Purity (Tahara) today is different. In the old times the flowing waters of rivers were pure. There was not any hazard if one drinks from them or washes himself. These rivers today are sewage. The chapter of Halal-Haram is outdated too. What is the Islamically right slaughtering worth for if the meat is full of hormones and antibiotics?

Relation between humans regarding Muslim-Muslim, Muslim-other religions, Muslim-secular world as well as woman-man aspects have been changed as well. Thoughts of Abraham as it is prescribed in the Quran are more applicable in our time than interpretations linked with a particular historical event or the ones adjusted to local traditions. If we continue the distortion of our religious thinking the pre-Islamic age of Jahiliya (Ignorance) will occupy Islam in the cover of Islam. 

Once man used to wage war and his family relied on his muscles essentially. Several centuries ago powerhouses and engines have been discovered and muscles were replaced by mind and creativity where women can play the similar role as men. Principles of Quran are unchanged and even in the modern ages they pave the same way for us. However, the work what has been left since 1924 has to be completed. Our legal relations have to be harmonized to age and site. And Caliphate is not a condition for that any more. We need good will and knowledge.